AMNESTIA..?

Wiele nielegalnych osob czeka na jakakolwiek reforme dotyczaca immigration law (prawa imigracyjnego). Pokrotce wyjasnie jakie sa propozycje oraz plusy i minusy tychze propozycji zmian w prawie imigracyjnym.

Zacznijmy od faktu, ze amnestia w pelnym tego slowa znaczeniu byla w 1986 roku. Pozniejsza ustawa 245(i) nie byla amnestia (choc tak ja opisywano), ale pozwalala na pewnych okreslonych zasadach otrzymac Zielona Karte nawet jesli ktos byl w Stanach nielegalnie; przybyl do USA nielegalnie; pracowal nieleganie. Kara za takie przekroczenie prawa bylo $1,000. Jednak wymogiem aby byc podciagnietym pod ustawe 245(i) bylo aby dana osoba miala zlozona na siebie petycje (sponsorowanie rodzinne badz pracownicze) do dnia 30 kwietnia 2001, a jesli petycja byla zlozona po 1 stycznia 1998 roku ( ale do 30 kwietnia 2001 roku) wtedy osoba taka musi udowodnic, ze byla FIZYCZNIE obecna w USA w dniu 21 grudnia 2000 roku.

Cytat z web site USCIS: ‘Our immigration laws allow qualified individuals to enter the United States as lawful permanent residents (“green card” holders) after they obtain immigrant visas from a consulate or embassy outside the United States or, for many immigrants already lawfully in the United States, through a process called “adjustment of status.” If you entered the United States unlawfully, if you entered with permission but did not stay in lawful status, or if you worked without permission, you normally would have to leave the United States in order to apply for an immigrant visa. Special rules under section 245(i) may allow you to apply to adjust status without leaving the United States.

You might need section 245(i) if you:

• Entered the U.S. without being inspected by an Immigration official.
• Stayed in the U.S. longer than allowed by Immigration.
• Entered the U.S. as a worker on an aircraft or ship (crewman).
• Entered the U.S. as a “Transit Without Visa.”
• Failed to continuously maintain a lawful status since your entry into the US.
• Worked in the U.S. without Immigration permission.
• Entered as an “S” nonimmigrant (relates to witnesses about criminal or terrorism matters).
• Are seeking a work-related visa and are out of status at the time of filing the application to adjust status (Form I-485).
• Worked in the U.S. while being an “unauthorized alien.”

NOTE: There are some groups that may not need to use section 245(i).

• The spouse or unmarried minor child of a U.S. citizen or the parent of a U.S. citizen child at least 21 years of age if he/she was inspected and lawfully admitted to the United States, but subsequently overstayed his/her authorized admission or worked without permission, may apply for adjustment of status under section 245(a) and does not need to use section 245(i).
• Certain persons who are eligible for certain employment-based immigrant visas and who were inspected and lawfully admitted to the United States, but have not violated their status or worked without permission for more than 180 days, do not have to apply for adjustment of status under section 245(i). They may be able to use section 245(k).

What Does the Law Say?
The Immigration and Nationality Act is a law that governs the admission of immigrants to the United States. For the part of the law concerning adjustment of status and the 245(i) provision, please see INA § 245. The specific eligibility requirements and procedures for applying to adjust status and the penalty provision are included in the Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] at 8 CFR § 245.1, 245.2 and 245.10.

Who is Eligible? (Note: This program ended April 2001.)
You are eligible if one of the reasons above prevent you from using the regular section 245 provision AND:

1. You are eligible to receive an immigrant visa and are admissible to the United States for permanent residence;
2. An immigrant visa is immediately available at the time your application is filed;
3. Your visa petition or application for labor certification that would qualify you to become an immigrant was filed on or before April 30, 2001, was approvable when filed; AND
4. If your petition or application was filed after January 1, 1998, then you must also prove that you were in the U.S. on December 21, 2000.

If eligible, you must pay the penalty fee of $1,000.’

Nalezy zauwazyc jedna rzecz: sekcja (badz ustawa – jak kto woli tak mozna ja nazywac) 245(i) juz WYGASLA. Nie ma mozliwosci aby byc pod nia podciagnietym jesli nie spelnilo sie danych, wymienionych wyzej warunkow. Dlaczego o tym pisze? Otoz wielu pseudo-prawnikow i agencji polskich proponuje za bardzo duze pieniadze, ze odsprzeda miejsce w kolejce po Zielona Karte na podstawie sponsorowania pracowniczego. Prosze wizac jednak jedno pod uwage: samo takie miejsce nie daje ZADNEJ gwarancji, ze ktos dostanie wymarzona Green Card – to po pierwsze, a po drugie – samo miejsce w kolejce nie daje ochrony paragrafu 245(i) czyli nie daje ochrony, ze mozna zalegalizowac pobyt bedac nielegalnie a nie spelniajac warunkow wyzej wymienionych dotyczacych ustawy 245(i). I sprawa wyglada tak: ktos odkupuje – za ogromne pieniadze – miejsce w rzekomej kolejce, idzie potem do immigration i po udowodnieniu mu, ze Zielona Karta mu sie nie nalezy urzednik imigracyjny wrecza mu deportacje (bo ktos jest juz nielegalnie). Ile znam takich przypadkow? Setki. I co najwazniejsze: nawet gdyby weszla jakakolwiek amnestia to osoby z deportacja nie beda mogly zalegalizowac statusu bez zgody sedziego imigracyjnego, a otrzymanie takiej zgody to jak wygranie glownej nagrody w Lotto. Podobnie ma sie sytuacja z osobami, ktore maja deportacje, a zenia sie/wychodza za maz za obywatela USA po to aby jednak nie byly deportowane. Co na tym zyskuja? Tylko fakt, ze immigration udowodni, ze bylo to malzenstwo ‘dla papierow’ i i tak taka osoba musi opuscic USA (wyjatki zdarzaja sie bardzo, bardzo rzadko).

Inny przypadek z ktorym mam nagminnie do czynienia: ktos przybyl do USA w 2002 roku, petycja na niego byla zlozona w dniu 20 kwietnia 2001 i ktos mysli, ze moze dostac Green Card w USA, bo przeciez chroni go paragraf 245(i) (a przynajmniej taka bajka wmawiaja mu osoby niezorientowane w prawie). Otoz samo zlozenie aplikacji przed 30 kwietnia 2001 nie upowaznia nikogo do starania sie o Zielona Karte w USA jesli ta osoba NIE BYLA FIZYCZNIE obecna w USA w grudniu 2000 roku. Tym samym – wedlug prawa - dana osoba powinna wyleciec do Polski aby tam starac sie o Zielona Karte (a raczej wize imigracyjna), ale tajemnica poliszynela jest ze tej wizy imigracyjnej nie dostanie, bo byla juz jakis czas nielegalnie w USA. A zdarzaly sie przypadki, ze nawet jesli ktos przez nieuwage dostal wize imigracyjna to byl cofany z granicy w USA, bo udowodniono mu, ze ‘przesiedzial’ wize podczas wczesniejszego pobytu w USA.

Wrocmy do proponowanej  reformy imigracyjnej.

Sa bardzo male szanse na przywrocenie paragrafu 245(i). Propozycje zmian oscyluja raczej w kierunku pozwolenia nielegalnym na podjecie legalnej pracy w USA, ale bez mozliwosci otrzymania obywatelstwa USA, oraz bardzo trudna droga do otrzymania Zielonej Karty.

Cornyn - Kyl proponuja:

COMPREHENSIVE ENFORCEMENT AND IMMIGRATION REFORM ACT

Border Enforcement and Visa Security

* Authorizes sufficient resources, including 10,000 Border Patrol Agents (same figure as Intelligence Reform bill, with monthly reports to Congress on progress made in hiring and deploying the agents) and 1,250 new Customs and Border Protection Officers (working at ports of entry). Authorizes $5 billion over 5 years for accompanying technology (e.g. cameras and sensors) and infrastructure (e.g. stations and checkpoints), to stop illegal border crossing * Expands and improves Expedited Removal, which provides a streamlined means of removing aliens who are clearly ineligible to enter the U.S. Authorizes $50 million over 5 years * Strengthens US-VISIT entry-exit system to better track and identify aliens who enter the country and those who fail to depart * Increases the bond amount for aliens from noncontiguous countries * Cancels all visas in the possession of an alien if he or she fails to depart U.S. at end of stay * Authorizes $50 million over 5 years in grants for American Indian Tribes on border adversely affected by illegal immigration

Strengthening Interior Enforcement and Leveraging State and Local Law Resources

* Provides the Department of Homeland Security with 10,000 detention beds over 5 years to eliminate the release of illegal aliens into the country * Clarifies State and local authority to enforce federal immigration laws * Expands Institutional Removal Program to identify criminal aliens in federal and state correctional facilities and remove them upon completion of their sentences * Authorizes $4.45 billion to reimburse states and counties for costs related to the incarceration of criminal illegal aliens and $200 million each year for the costs of processing criminal illegal immigrants through local criminal justice systems * Authorizes 1,000 smuggling and status violations investigators over 5 years (200 more per year than Intelligence Reform bill) * Authorizes 250 additional DOJ immigration judges and 500 DHS trial attorneys over 5 years * Allows the Department of Homeland Security to expeditiously remove aliens who were previously deported and then reentered illegally * Increases penalties for alien smuggling, document fraud, drug trafficking and gang violence * Establishes new Assistant Attorney General in the Department of Justice to oversee immigration enforcement and litigation, to ensure high level DOJ attention and accountability

Worksite Enforcement

* Authorizes 10,000 additional agents over 5 years to investigate employers who hire illegal aliens. Also 1,000 new investigators over 5 years to detect fraud in application process * Increases the penalties for unauthorized employment of aliens, social security fraud and false claims to citizenship * Requires within one year issuance of secure machine-readable, tamper-resistant Social Security cards * Closes loopholes in identity theft by establishing minimum standards for state-issued birth certificates * Requires within one year that all new hires participate in a Social Security-based electronic employment eligibility verification system * Assists employers by reducing the number of documents that workers may present to establish identity and employment authorization Obligations of Participating Countries

* Requires countries to enter into bilateral agreement with U.S. government before the nationals of the country are allowed to participate in a temporary worker visa program or Mandatory Departure status * Requires aliens to have a minimum level of health coverage, which can be provided by the participating country, the alien or the employer * Encourages countries to provide housing incentives for returning workers * Requires participating country to: o Cooperate in efforts to control illegal immigration o Immediately accept return of nationals who are ordered removed from the U.S. o Work with U.S. to reduce gang violence, human trafficking and smuggling o Provide access to databases and information on criminal aliens and terrorists

Temporary Worker Program

* Establishes new visa category that allows aliens to enter the U.S. to work temporarily when there are no available U.S. workers * Limits the period of visa to two years, after which the alien must return home for one year. Alien may participate up to three times (for a total of 6 years of employment in the U.S.) * Requires completion of background checks, health screening and issuance of biometric documentation to participating aliens * Establishes a Temporary Worker Task Force to prepare a report on the effect of the temporary worker program on wages and employment of U.S. workers, which would then form basis of cap * Family members may visit principal worker in the U.S. for no longer than 30 days within a given year

Mandatory Departure and Reentry in Legal Status

* Allows aliens who are present in the U.S. illegally to apply for Mandatory Departure, which enables them time to depart the United States voluntarily and reenter the country through normal legal channels (e.g. as temporary worker) * Aliens granted Mandatory Departure status are ineligible to obtain permanent resident status (i.e. green card) while in the U.S. - they must depart and reenter through normal legal channels * Aliens are registered, fingerprinted, and checked against all available criminal/terrorist lists * Aliens are issued secure, biometric identity documentation. The documents will function as identity documents and employers will use document readers to verify identity and employment authorization * Provides incentives for aliens to depart the United States immediately, but all aliens are required to depart prior to five years * Aliens who return to home country within a short period of time may quickly reenter through legal channels as a temporary worker and are not required to spend up to 10 years outside of the country * Aliens who fail to depart are ineligible for any other immigration benefit for a period of ten years

Circular Migration and Visa Backlog Reduction

*Creates temporary worker investment funds to encourage aliens to return home * Reduces visa backlog waiting times by allowing the recapture of unused visa numbers and terminating the Diversity Visa Program

Dla osob, ktore slabo wladaja jezykiem angielskim najwazniejsze propozycje Cornyn-Kyl:

- zlikwidowanie Loterii Wizowej

- przyspieszenie rozpatrywania petycji czekajacych na wizy imigracyjne poprzez dolozenie niewykorzystanych numerow wiz oraz likwidacje Loterii Wizowej

- zwiekszenie patroli na granicach USA

- usprawnienie procesu Expedited Removal (czyli deportacji) – tu uwaga osoby majace deportacje np. ‘dzieki’ staraniu sie o azyl polityczny ze wzgledow religijnych (praktycznie 100% Polakow starajacych sie o to ma deportacje)- osoby te beda bardzo latwe w odszukaniu – immigration ma kopie ich paszportow, wszystkie dane itd. Wiec nawet po rekordzie w DMV czy banku badz kiedy dana osoba bedzie starala sie o cokolwiek w USA moze zostac namierzona i pozegnac sie ze Stanami. Nie wspominam o fakcie, ze osobe ktora nielegalnie przekroczyla granice mozna deportowac prosto z sadu..

- podniesienie kaucji wplacanej za nielegalnego, ktory pochodzi z niesasiadujacego kraju, kiedy popelni przestepstwo/przekroczy prawo

- uniewaznienie wszystkich promes wizowych oraz wizy jesli ktos zostanie dluzej niz ma to wbite na I-94

- zwiekszenie o 10 tysiecy miejsc w wiezieniach dla osob, ktore maja byc deportowane

- zmuszenie wladz stanowych i lokalnych do egzekwowania imigracyjnego prawa federalnego (czyli np. jesli wejdzie zarzadzenie, ze nalezy sprawdzac status imigracyjny osob poslugujacych sie prawem jazdy z innego stanu – wtedy stan nie bedzie mogl nie podporzadkowac sie temu rozporzadzeniu)

- przyspieszenie deportacji osob nielegalnych zamieszanych w przestepstwa kryminalne

- o 1 tysiac osob zwiekszenie liczby detektywow zajmujacych sie sciganiem osob pomagajacych innym dostac sie nielegalnie do USA; dostajacymi sie do USA nielegalnie oraz lamiacymi prawo pobytu w USA

- zwiekszenie o 250 osob liczby sedziow imigracyjnych oraz o 500 osob liczby prawnikow zajmujacymi sie prawem imigracyjnym w sadzie (prokuratorow)- (wtedy dzieki szybszemu procesowi sadowemu bedzie mozliwa szybsza deportacja)

- zezwolenie Departamentowi of Homeland Security do podjecia natychmiastowej deportacji osob, ktore byly wczesniej deportowane (badz mialy deportacje), a potem nielegalnie wlecialy/przybyly do USA

- zwiekszenie kar za pomoc w nielegalnym przekroczeniu granicy, podrabianiu dokumentow, dzialalnosci w zorganizowanych gangach oraz za rozprowadzanie narkotykow

- o 10 tysiecy zwiekszenie liczby detektywow zajmujacych sie sciagniem pracodawcow zatrudniajacych nielegalne osoby

- o 1 tysiac osob zwiekszenie liczby detektywow zajmujacych sie sciaganiem falszywych danych podanych w aplikacjach

- zwiekszenie kar dla osob pracujacych nielegalnie

- zwiekszenie kar dla osob pracujacych na falszywych numerach social security

- zwiekszenie kar dla osob podajacych sie za obywateli USA

- w ciagu jednego roku powinny byc wprowadzone cyfrowe maszynowo-czytane karty social security (odporne na sfalszowanie)

- obowiazkowe zarejestrowanie w elektronicznym systemie Social Security wszystkich nowych pracownikow (pracodawca bedzie mial na to max. rok czasu)

- wymog aby kazdy obcokrajowiec mial minimalne ubezpieczenie medyczne – zagwarantowane przez kraj z ktorego pochodzi obcokrajowiec, przez samego obcokrajowca badz przez pracodawce, ktory zatrudnia obcokrajowca

- wprowadzenie nowej kategorii wizowej dla osob chcacych przybyc do pracy w USA jesli nie ma wystarczajacej liczby chetnych w USA do wykonywania tej pracy – wiza bylaby wydawana na max. 2 lata – po tym czasie obcokrajowiec musialby wrocic do swojego kraju na minimu 1 rok czasu – wymagany bedzie background check, biometric check oraz sprawdzenie stanu zdrowia pracownika – obcokrajowiec moze otrzymac taka wize 3 –krotnie (max. 6 lat pracy w USA) – czlonkowie rodziny obcokrajowca, bedacego na tejze wizie pracowniczej, moga go odwiedzic w USA ale ich pobyt jest ograniczony do max. 30 dni w ciagu roku

- zezwolenie osobom nielegalnie przebywajacym w USA na staranie sie o Mandatory Departure (‘wyjazd mandatowy’), ktory umozliwi im dobrowolne opuszczenie USA i powrot do USA legalna droga (np. na wizie pracowniczej)

- osoby, ktore otrzymaja Mandatory Departure nie beda absolutnie mogly zalegalizowac pobytu w USA (otrzymac np. Green Card) jesli nie opuszcza wczesniej Stanow Zjednoczonych

- dokumenty wydane obcokrajowcom beda biometric 

- zachecenie obcokrajowcow do jak najwczesniejszego opuszczenia USA – wszyscy nielegalni beda zmuszeni do opuszczenia USA w ciagu 5 lat

- obcokrajowcy, ktorzy szybko/w krotkim czasie opuszcza USA, beda mogli wrocic do USA droga legalna (np. wiza pracownicza) i nie beda podlegali pod 10-letni zakaz powrotu do USA (za ‘przesiedzenie’ wizy)

- obcokrajowcy, ktorzy nie opuszcza USA, beda bezwzglednie podlegali pod 10-letni zakaz powrotu do USA

No coz... teraz wiadomo dlaczego ludzie prosza aby przywrocic sekcje 245(i) – bo gdyby byla przywrocona sekcja 245(i) nie trzeba by opuszczac USA i martwic sie czy wydadza nowa wize w Polsce na powrot do Stanow. Bo nalezy zauwazyc, ze sam fakt, ze ktos opusci USA, to nie oznacza, ze dostanie wize np. pracownicza w konsulacie amerykanskim. Gdyby byla przywrocona sekcja 245(i) to mozna by od razu starac sie o Green Card,mozna by starac sie pozniej o obywatelstwo amerykanskie. Liczba wiz pracowniczych bedzie ograniczona – to nie bedzie tak, ze ktos idzie do konsulatu i daja mu od reki wize aby wrocil do Stanow.

Jest jeszcze jedna propozycja tzw. Amnestii:

The Secure America and Orderly Immigration Act of 2005

McCain-Kennedy-Kolbe-Flake-Gutierrez

Bill at a Glance

 5/12/2005

Title I: Border Security

§         Requires the development various plans and reports evaluating information-sharing, international and federal-state-local coordination, technology, anti-smuggling, and other border security initiatives

§         Establishes a Border Security Advisory Committee made up of various stakeholders in the border region to provide recommendations to the Department of Homeland Security regarding border enforcement

§         Encourages the development of multilateral partnerships to establish a North American security perimeter and improve border security south of Mexico

Title II: State Criminal Alien Assistance

§         Reauthorizes the State Criminal Alien Assistance Program that provides reimbursement to state and local governments for incarcerating undocumented aliens convicted of crimes

§         Allows for funding to pay for additional criminal justice costs associated with undocumented immigrants charged or convicted of crimes

Title III: Essential Worker Visa Program

§         Creates a new temporary visa to allow foreign workers to enter and fill available jobs that require few or no skills (the H-5A visa)

§         Applicants must show that they have a job waiting in the U.S., pay a fee of $500 in addition to application fees, and clear all security, medical, and other checks

§         Requires updating of America’s Job Bank to make sure job opportunities are seen first by American workers

§         Initial cap on H-5A visas is set at 400,000, but the annual limit will be gradually adjusted up or down based on demand in subsequent years

§         Visa is valid for three years, and can be renewed one time for a total of 6 years; at the end of the visa period the worker either has to return home or be in the pipeline for a green card

§         Visa is portable, but if the worker loses his job he has to find another one within 60 days or return home

§         Ensures that employers hiring temporary workers abide by applicable Federal, state and local labor, employment and tax laws

§         Prohibits the hiring of temporary workers as independent contractors

§         Protects temporary workers from abuse by foreign labor contractors or employers

§         Gives temporary workers and U.S. workers remedies for violations of their rights

§         An employer can sponsor the H-5A visa holder for a green card, or after accumulating four years of work in H-5A status, the worker can apply to adjust status on his/her own

§         Sets up a task force to evaluate the H-5A program and recommend improvements

Title IV: Enforcement

§         Creates a new electronic work authorization system that will ultimately replace the paper-based, fraud-prone I-9 system, to be phased in gradually

§         When operational, the system will be applied universally and cannot be used to discriminate against job applicants

§         Individuals will have the right to review and correct their own records; data privacy protections are in place

§         Immigration-related documents and US-VISIT will be upgraded to require biometric verification of travelers

§         The Department of Labor will have new authority to conduct random audits of employers and ensure compliance with labor laws; also includes new worker protections and enhanced fines for illegal employment practices

TITLE V: Promoting Circular Migration Patterns

§         Requires foreign countries to enter into migration agreements with the U.S. that help control the flow of their citizens to jobs in the U.S., with emphasis on encouraging the re-integration of citizens returning home

§         Encourages the U.S. government to partner with Mexico to promote economic opportunity back home and reduce the pressure to immigrate to the U.S.

§         Encourages the U.S. government to partner with Mexico on health care access so that the U.S. is not unfairly impacted with the costs of administering health care to Mexican nationals

Title VI: Family Unity and Backlog Reduction

§         Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens are not counted against the 480,000 annual cap on family-sponsored green cards, thereby providing additional visas to the family preference categories

§         The current per-country limit on green cards is raised slightly to clear up backlogs

§         Income requirements for sponsoring a family member for a green card are changed from 125% of the federal poverty guidelines to 100%, and other obstacles are removed to ensure fairness

§         The employment-based categories are revised to provide additional visas for employers who need to hire permanent workers, and the annual cap is raised from 140,000 to 290,000

§         Immigrant visas lost due to processing delays are recaptured for future allotments

Title VII: Adjustment of Status for H-5B Non-Immigrants

§         Undocumented immigrants in the U.S. on date of introduction can register for a temporary visa (H-5B), valid for six years

§         Applicants have to show work history, clean criminal record, and that they are not a security problem to be eligible for a temporary visa

§         They will receive work and travel authorization

§         Their spouses and children are also eligible

§         In order to qualify for permanent status, workers will have to meet a future work requirement, clear additional security/background checks, pay substantial fines and application fees ($2000 or more per adult) as well as back taxes, and meet English/civics requirements

Title VIII: Protection Against Immigration Fraud

§         Attempts to eliminate the exploitation of immigrants by notarios or other unlicensed immigration law practitioners by imposing new legal requirements on such individuals

§         Allows immigrants defrauded by unauthorized legal representatives to file actions against their perpetrators

Title IX: Civics Integration

§         Creates a public-private foundation under the USCIS Office of Citizenship to support programs that promote citizenship and to fund civics and English language instruction for immigrants

§         Provides for new money to fund civic and English language instruction for immigrants

Title X: Promoting Access to Health Care

§         Extends the authorization of federal reimbursements for hospitals that provide emergency care to undocumented immigrants; includes H-5A and H-5B workers in the program

Title XI: Miscellaneous

§         Distributes the fees and fines paid by H-5A and H-5B workers among the DHS and DOS for processing, DHS for border security efforts, DOL for enforcement of labor laws, SSA for development of the employment eligibility confirmation system, hospitals to pay for uncompensated health care, and the USCIS Office of Citizenship for civic integration and English classes

§         Requires the dissemination of information related to the provisions of this legislation

§         Includes anti-discrimination protections that cover all workers, including H-5A and H-5B visa holders

Najwazniejsze roznicemiedzy poprzednim projektem reformy imigracyjnej (Cornyn-Kyl) a projektem McCain – Kennedy:

- pracodawca osoby przebywajacej na wizie H-5A moze sponsorowac te osobe na Zielona Karte, badz po przepracowaniu 4 lat na wizie H-5A pracownik sam bedzie mogl sie ubiegac o Zielona Karte

- zwiekszanie liczby wydawanych Zielonych Kart dla osob sponsorowanych przez rodzine

- zwiekszenie liczby Zielonych Kart dla osob sponsorowanych przez pracodawce ze 140 tysiecy do 290 tysiecy rocznie

- osoby przebywajace na wizie H-5B beda mogly zalegalizowac swoj status w USA (wiza H-5B bedzie wazna max. 6 lat)- beda mialy pozwolenie na prace oraz beda mogly podrozowac

- wspolmalzonkowie i dzieci osob z wizami H-5B tez beda mogly zalegalizowac swoj status w USA

- aby dostac green card (po odpowiednim czasie oczekiwania oczywiscie) osoby te beda musialy zaplacic $2,000 kary, zaplacic zalegle podatki, przejsc przez background checks, oraz zdac egzamin z jezyka i wiedzy o Stanach Zjednoczonych

Wiza H-5A jest juz opisana na naszym web site. Wiza H-5B bylaby wydawana osobom przebywajacym nielegalnie w USA w dniu ogloszenia wprowadzenia reformy imigracyjnej.

Na dzien dzisiejszy wiekszym poparciem cieszy sie jednak propozycja reformy Cornyn-Kyl. Co bedzie, w jakiej formie bedzie przyjeta reforma, kiedy bedzie przyjeta – tego nie wie jednak nikt.....

09-23-2005

W Bialym Domu odbylo sie spotkanie z udzialem w wiekszosci partii Republikanow w celu omowienia reformy imigracyjnej. Mr. Karl Rove przedstawil nastepujace propozycje dotyczace nielegalnych osob ( jego propozycje pokrywaja sie z projektem reformy imigracyjnej Cornyn – Kyl);

- spotegowanie egzekwowania prawa tak na granicach USA jak i wobec pracodawcow (glownie dotyczy to zatrudniania nielegalnych)

- mozliwosc podjecia legalnej pracy przez nielegalnych (‘guest worker’) przez czas maksymalny 6 lat a pozniej obowiazkowy powrot do kraju rodzinnego na minimum 1 rok czasu

- nielegalni nie mieliby mozliwosci starania sie o obywatelsytwo amerykanskie

Jak widac z wyzej wymienionej propozycji plusem byloby to, ze mozna legalnie pracowac w USA, minusem – i to duzym – fakt, ze bylaby zamknieta droga do otrzymania obywatelstwa amerykanskiego. Na co jeszcze zwrocic uwage? Otoz, prosze zauwazyc wymog powrotu do swojego kraju na minimum rok czasu – jaka ma ktos gwarancje, ze jesli wroci do kraju to bedzie mogl po tym roku czasu wjechac z powrotem do USA? Takiej gwarancji nie ma...

Prosze na biezaco sledzic nasz strone internetowa – postaramy sie co kilka dni dodawac nowe wiadomosci na temat wprowadzenia reformy imigracyjnej.  

10-14-2005

1. Congressman Tom Tancredo (Colorado) przedstawil nastepujaca poprawke H.R. 3700, the Reducing Immigration to a Genuinely Healthy Total (RIGHT) Act of 2005:
- zredukowanie "lancucha migracyjnego" czyli naplywu imigrantow do USA poprzez zredukowanie liczby Green Card dla osob sponsorowanych przez pracodawcow do 5,200 oraz calkowite zlikwidowanie loterii wizowej
- zredukowanie i wprowadzenie limitu 50,000 wiz dla uchodzcow/azylantow/imigrantow humanitarnych
- zlikwidowanie nadawania obywatelstwa amerykanskiego tylko na podstawie narodzin w USA
- zlikwidowanie wszelkich programow amnestyjnych 

2. Barbara Jordan (U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform)proponuje zlikwidowanie 'lancucha migracyjnego' poprzez likwidacje roznych kategorii imigracyjnych:
- loterii wizowej
- kategorii 'unskilled workers' (mialoby sie to przyczynic do zapewnienia pracy rezydentom i obywatelom USA i ich rodzinom => na dzien dzisiejszy okolo 14 milionow Amerykanow nie jest w stanie znalezc pracy na caly etat, a dodatkowo 12 milionow Amerykanow, ktorzy nie maja dyplomu szkoly sredniej, jest bezrobotnych. Dla nich stworzenie miejsc pracy byloby takze korzystne z punktu widzenia rzadu: rzad nie musialby wyplacac zasilkow itd.)
"The U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform recommended the elimination of the category for unskilled workers. The Commission noted, “Unless there is another compelling interest, such as in the entry of nuclear families and refugees, it is not in the national interest to admit unskilled workers. This is especially true when the U.S. economy is showing difficulty in absorbing disadvantaged workers and when efforts towards welfare reform indicate that many unskilled Americans will be entering the labor force.” The Commission continued, “We see little justification for admitting unskilled foreign workers into an economy that must find job opportunities for millions of unskilled U.S. workers.”

At a time when 14 million Americans are unable to find a full-time job (according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics) and the unemployment rate among the 12 million American adults who do not have a high school diploma is almost 9 percent (Bureau of Labor Statistics), the Commission recommendation of eliminating the unskilled workers category seems just as appropriate today as it did when the Commission first made the recommendation in 1996."

Gdyby proponowane zmiany zostaly przyjete wtedy liczba imigrantow zmniejszylaby sie z 1 miliona do 300 tysiecy rocznie. 

Przeciwnicy amnestii. 

Czesto w pytaniach do mnie pojawia sie pytanie: kto i dlaczego sprzeciwia sie wprowadzeniu amnestii? Jakie ma ku temu powody? 

Pytania sa z gatunku 'ciekawych' wiec postanowilam przytoczyc kilka wypowiedzi na ten temat i tematy pokrewne. Oto one: 

'Sen. Hagel is said to have introduced four immigration reform
bills including a bill of legalization, and the US Congress will
discuss on it in the very near future (see 10/28/05 ID comment).
But, legalization of illegal aliens is against the spirit of our
constitution. Our constitution has no provision that the law
breakers should be rewarded. Legalizing them to permanent
residency can be taken as a great reward for their wrongdoing.
It is ridiculous to see that we are rewarding them instead of
punishing for their law breaking. It is sure that in ten years'
time the illegal aliens will have doubled what they are now,
because legalization will surely encourage the foreign people to
be illegals further in the US. Some of our people are saying that
these illegals have been contributing to the US by working in the
agricultural farm and those menial jobs that US citizens and
Legal Permanent Residents do hesitate to do. But, it is certain
that when these illegals will be adjusted to permanent residency,
they will also not do the jobs what they are doing now.
Legalization solely will not solve the problem of illegal aliens.
But, the temporary guest worker program that is also introduced
by Sen. Hagel, will be right thing if the present illegal aliens
are given status of temporary guest worker, and their status of
guest worker will never be adjusted to any other visa category
while they are in the US.'

S. Salike

' (..)History has shown conclusively that
amnesties do not work, are unjust, undermine the rule of law and
do not prevent further illegal entry. And how can the deliberate
violation of our entry laws be the basis for any kind of
legalization or citizenship? Prohibition is a poor analogy as
borders and entry are matters of national security and
sovereignty. The promise was made in 1986 that no further
illegals would be allowed. Since then, record invasion has been
experienced. The Bush administration is now once again promising
to enforce our existing immigration policies. Why should we
believe them now when they could have pursued enforcement much
more vigorously at any time and certainly should have after 9/11.
The only reform that is acceptable to most Americans, not special
interests, is to reduce, restrict and control entry numbers, not
to increase them by legalizing that which is illegal and allowing
fiat amnesty. With 15 to 20 million illegals here now, and jobs
hard to find by citizens, why are new schemes being considered to
increase the flow? The narrow view that excessive migrants are an
enormous benefit and lower the cost of goods is illusory when
other costs are considered. (..)'

R.L. Ranger


'(..) "Failure to fix our broken immigration
system will only continue to create an environment of
exploitation resulting in harm to everyone living in America."
and ..."Amnesty is simply righting Congress's prior wrong." The
editor also cautions us about what "history has taught us...".
Well, one thing that history has taught us is that amnesty for
illegal aliens doesn't work. President Reagan and Congress tried
to "fix our broken immigration system" in 1986 with a general
amnesty, and there have been several other smaller amnesties
since then. As we all know, the system is more "broken" than
ever. A huge majority of Americans disagree that amnesty is the
"fix" for the immigration mess. Rather than arrogantly
dismissing those Americans, one might consider the possibility
that there are valid reasons for their discontent and oppostion
to amnesty.'

John H. Frecker


'(..) If illegal workers want the opportunity to
join US society, then they're off to a bad start by violating our
laws. While illegal immigration is a technical violation of the
law and hardly on a par with murder, it does speak to the would-
be immigrants' willingness to learn and abide by other rules of
this society. When violation of immigration law is compounded by
violation of labor laws, tax laws, and identity theft, then why
should we trust that these people will "fly right" if given legal
status? That when it suits their convenience, they won't choose
to break other more serious laws, as indeed, many illegal
immigrants do? That they will teach their children that laws
don't matter if breaking them gets them what they want. That,
most dangerously, given enough of them, we as a nation won't
become more like them than they will become like us?'

Ali Alexander


' A news report indicates that the Senate will not take up any
immigration reform proposals until at least January which should
include much tougher border security. This should give all
illegal aliens a few months to pack their bags before they get an
official INS escort out of the US.'

Chucky


' (..) Overall, I am impressed with
his even-handed opinions regarding illegal immigration,
amnesties (no matter the name they are given) and demands of the
workplace. I agree with most of his letters - we need to stop
tolerating illegal immigration, impose serious penalties on
employers to dissuade them from employing undocumented folks,
close the numerous loopholes illegals use to gain residency
(sham marriages being the most common) and ask Congress to pass
legislation that would provide a reasonable number of seasonal
work visas so as to reduce the chances that certain industries
would exploit unauthorized labor. However, the public at large
should understand that the US cannot absorb 80% of the world's
population, merely to offer them a better life. There must be
limits to immigration, whether permanent or temporary (excepting
tourism and some other categories), and regrettably, not
everyone will qualify for these future programs and thus, anyone
and everyone may not be able to work and/or live in the US. Is
this fair? Well, I would love to pilot a Boeing 777, but, I
don't have the skills (nor time or money to invest in flying
lessons)...is this fair? Yes. I don't want a "weekend warrior
pilot" driving my airplane. The US should encourage legal
opportunities to live and work here, but be more than firm
preventing those relatively few from doing an endrun around the
laws. I believe Mr.XY is one of the few immigration
attorneys who recognizes the need for balance and equity in our
system, rather than trying to make a fast buck from any illegal
knocking at your office door.'

HM


'Giving amnesty to the illegals will not solve the problem that
the US is facing now. The amnesty of 1986 is the glaring example
that has clearly shown that the amnesty has resulted in
doubling the numbers of the illegals in the US. If we need
agricultural or unskilled workers very badly for our agriculture
and menial jobs, we can get them from South and South East Asia.
Millions of people from South and South East Asia specially
Cambodia, Laos Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan,
Indonesia, India, the Philippines and Thailand are working in
Gulf countries, Malaysia, South Korea, and Japan under temporary
worker program. They are working in the Gulf countries for
about $ 250. to $300. per month, and not a single worker is
reported to have overstayed in these countries. The persons
from these countries are also well known for agricultural work,
and they have a very keen interest to work in the US. It is high
time that the US Congress should enact a law to bring temporary
workers from these countries. But, we should put some conditions
on them that they can never change to any other visa category
from their Temporary Worker visa during their stay in the US,
and that they must also go back to their countries after their
contracts are over.'

S. Salike

11-15-2005

Czy proponowana amnestia zrujnuje Ameryke? 

Artykul autorstwa adwokata M. Hethmona czlonka Federacji na Rzecz Amerykanskiej Reformy Imigracyjnej. Artykul ukazal sie na stronie stowarzyszenia prawnikow imigracyjnych.

http://www.ilw.com/articles/2005,1114-hethmon.pdf

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